/*
** $Id: ldo.c,v 2.157 2016/12/13 15:52:21 roberto Exp $
** Stack and Call structure of Lua
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/

#define ldo_c
#define LUA_CORE

#include "lprefix.h"


#include <setjmp.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "lua.h"

#include "lapi.h"
#include "ldebug.h"
#include "ldo.h"
#include "lfunc.h"
#include "lgc.h"
#include "lmem.h"
#include "lobject.h"
#include "lopcodes.h"
#include "lparser.h"
#include "lstate.h"
#include "lstring.h"
#include "ltable.h"
#include "ltm.h"
#include "lundump.h"
#include "lvm.h"
#include "lzio.h"



#define errorstatus(s)  ((s) > LUA_YIELD)


/*
** {======================================================
** Error-recovery functions
** =======================================================
*/

/*
** LUAI_THROW/LUAI_TRY define how Lua does exception handling. By
** default, Lua handles errors with exceptions when compiling as
** C++ code, with _longjmp/_setjmp when asked to use them, and with
** longjmp/setjmp otherwise.
*/
#if !defined(LUAI_THROW)                /* { */

#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(LUA_USE_LONGJMP)   /* { */

/* C++ exceptions */
#define LUAI_THROW(L,c)     throw(c)
#define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a) \
    try { a } catch(...) { if ((c)->status == 0) (c)->status = -1; }
#define luai_jmpbuf     int  /* dummy variable */

#elif defined(LUA_USE_POSIX)                /* }{ */

/* in POSIX, try _longjmp/_setjmp (more efficient) */
#define LUAI_THROW(L,c)     _longjmp((c)->b, 1)
#define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a)     if (_setjmp((c)->b) == 0) { a }
#define luai_jmpbuf     jmp_buf

#else                           /* }{ */

/* ISO C handling with long jumps */
#define LUAI_THROW(L,c)     longjmp((c)->b, 1)
#define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a)     if (setjmp((c)->b) == 0) { a }
#define luai_jmpbuf     jmp_buf

#endif                          /* } */

#endif                          /* } */



/* chain list of long jump buffers */
struct lua_longjmp
{
    struct lua_longjmp *previous;
    luai_jmpbuf b;
    volatile int status;  /* error code */
};


static void seterrorobj(lua_State *L, int errcode, StkId oldtop)
{
    switch (errcode)
    {
    case LUA_ERRMEM:    /* memory error? */
    {
        setsvalue2s(L, oldtop, G(L)->memerrmsg); /* reuse preregistered msg. */
        break;
    }
    case LUA_ERRERR:
    {
        setsvalue2s(L, oldtop, luaS_newliteral(L, "error in error handling"));
        break;
    }
    default:
    {
        setobjs2s(L, oldtop, L->top - 1);  /* error message on current top */
        break;
    }
    }
    L->top = oldtop + 1;
}


l_noret luaD_throw(lua_State *L, int errcode)
{
    if (L->errorJmp)    /* thread has an error handler? */
    {
        L->errorJmp->status = errcode;  /* set status */
        LUAI_THROW(L, L->errorJmp);  /* jump to it */
    }
    else    /* thread has no error handler */
    {
        global_State *g = G(L);
        L->status = cast_byte(errcode);  /* mark it as dead */
        if (g->mainthread->errorJmp)    /* main thread has a handler? */
        {
            setobjs2s(L, g->mainthread->top++, L->top - 1);  /* copy error obj. */
            luaD_throw(g->mainthread, errcode);  /* re-throw in main thread */
        }
        else    /* no handler at all; abort */
        {
            if (g->panic)    /* panic function? */
            {
                seterrorobj(L, errcode, L->top);  /* assume EXTRA_STACK */
                if (L->ci->top < L->top)
                    L->ci->top = L->top;  /* pushing msg. can break this invariant */
                lua_unlock(L);
                g->panic(L);  /* call panic function (last chance to jump out) */
            }
            abort();
        }
    }
}


int luaD_rawrunprotected(lua_State *L, Pfunc f, void *ud)
{
    unsigned short oldnCcalls = L->nCcalls;
    struct lua_longjmp lj;
    lj.status = LUA_OK;
    lj.previous = L->errorJmp;  /* chain new error handler */
    L->errorJmp = &lj;
    LUAI_TRY(L, &lj,
             (*f)(L, ud);
            );
    L->errorJmp = lj.previous;  /* restore old error handler */
    L->nCcalls = oldnCcalls;
    return lj.status;
}

/* }====================================================== */


/*
** {==================================================================
** Stack reallocation
** ===================================================================
*/
static void correctstack(lua_State *L, TValue *oldstack)
{
    CallInfo *ci;
    UpVal *up;
    L->top = (L->top - oldstack) + L->stack;
    for (up = L->openupval; up != NULL; up = up->u.open.next)
        up->v = (up->v - oldstack) + L->stack;
    for (ci = L->ci; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous)
    {
        ci->top = (ci->top - oldstack) + L->stack;
        ci->func = (ci->func - oldstack) + L->stack;
        if (isLua(ci))
            ci->u.l.base = (ci->u.l.base - oldstack) + L->stack;
    }
}


/* some space for error handling */
#define ERRORSTACKSIZE  (LUAI_MAXSTACK + 200)


void luaD_reallocstack(lua_State *L, int newsize)
{
    TValue *oldstack = L->stack;
    int lim = L->stacksize;
    lua_assert(newsize <= LUAI_MAXSTACK || newsize == ERRORSTACKSIZE);
    lua_assert(L->stack_last - L->stack == L->stacksize - EXTRA_STACK);
    luaM_reallocvector(L, L->stack, L->stacksize, newsize, TValue);
    for (; lim < newsize; lim++)
        setnilvalue(L->stack + lim); /* erase new segment */
    L->stacksize = newsize;
    L->stack_last = L->stack + newsize - EXTRA_STACK;
    correctstack(L, oldstack);
}


void luaD_growstack(lua_State *L, int n)
{
    int size = L->stacksize;
    if (size > LUAI_MAXSTACK)  /* error after extra size? */
        luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRERR);
    else
    {
        int needed = cast_int(L->top - L->stack) + n + EXTRA_STACK;
        int newsize = 2 * size;
        if (newsize > LUAI_MAXSTACK) newsize = LUAI_MAXSTACK;
        if (newsize < needed) newsize = needed;
        if (newsize > LUAI_MAXSTACK)    /* stack overflow? */
        {
            luaD_reallocstack(L, ERRORSTACKSIZE);
            luaG_runerror(L, "stack overflow");
        }
        else
            luaD_reallocstack(L, newsize);
    }
}


static int stackinuse(lua_State *L)
{
    CallInfo *ci;
    StkId lim = L->top;
    for (ci = L->ci; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous)
    {
        if (lim < ci->top) lim = ci->top;
    }
    lua_assert(lim <= L->stack_last);
    return cast_int(lim - L->stack) + 1;  /* part of stack in use */
}


void luaD_shrinkstack(lua_State *L)
{
    int inuse = stackinuse(L);
    int goodsize = inuse + (inuse / 8) + 2 * EXTRA_STACK;
    if (goodsize > LUAI_MAXSTACK)
        goodsize = LUAI_MAXSTACK;  /* respect stack limit */
    if (L->stacksize > LUAI_MAXSTACK)  /* had been handling stack overflow? */
        luaE_freeCI(L);  /* free all CIs (list grew because of an error) */
    else
        luaE_shrinkCI(L);  /* shrink list */
    /* if thread is currently not handling a stack overflow and its
       good size is smaller than current size, shrink its stack */
    if (inuse <= (LUAI_MAXSTACK - EXTRA_STACK) &&
            goodsize < L->stacksize)
        luaD_reallocstack(L, goodsize);
    else  /* don't change stack */
        condmovestack(L, {}, {}); /* (change only for debugging) */
}


void luaD_inctop(lua_State *L)
{
    luaD_checkstack(L, 1);
    L->top++;
}

/* }================================================================== */


/*
** Call a hook for the given event. Make sure there is a hook to be
** called. (Both 'L->hook' and 'L->hookmask', which triggers this
** function, can be changed asynchronously by signals.)
*/
void luaD_hook(lua_State *L, int event, int line)
{
    lua_Hook hook = L->hook;
    if (hook && L->allowhook)    /* make sure there is a hook */
    {
        CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
        ptrdiff_t top = savestack(L, L->top);
        ptrdiff_t ci_top = savestack(L, ci->top);
        lua_Debug ar;
        ar.event = event;
        ar.currentline = line;
        ar.i_ci = ci;
        luaD_checkstack(L, LUA_MINSTACK);  /* ensure minimum stack size */
        ci->top = L->top + LUA_MINSTACK;
        lua_assert(ci->top <= L->stack_last);
        L->allowhook = 0;  /* cannot call hooks inside a hook */
        ci->callstatus |= CIST_HOOKED;
        lua_unlock(L);
        (*hook)(L, &ar);
        lua_lock(L);
        lua_assert(!L->allowhook);
        L->allowhook = 1;
        ci->top = restorestack(L, ci_top);
        L->top = restorestack(L, top);
        ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_HOOKED;
    }
}


static void callhook(lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci)
{
    int hook = LUA_HOOKCALL;
    ci->u.l.savedpc++;  /* hooks assume 'pc' is already incremented */
    if (isLua(ci->previous) &&
            GET_OPCODE(*(ci->previous->u.l.savedpc - 1)) == OP_TAILCALL)
    {
        ci->callstatus |= CIST_TAIL;
        hook = LUA_HOOKTAILCALL;
    }
    luaD_hook(L, hook, -1);
    ci->u.l.savedpc--;  /* correct 'pc' */
}


static StkId adjust_varargs(lua_State *L, Proto *p, int actual)
{
    int i;
    int nfixargs = p->numparams;
    StkId base, fixed;
    /* move fixed parameters to final position */
    fixed = L->top - actual;  /* first fixed argument */
    base = L->top;  /* final position of first argument */
    for (i = 0; i < nfixargs && i < actual; i++)
    {
        setobjs2s(L, L->top++, fixed + i);
        setnilvalue(fixed + i);  /* erase original copy (for GC) */
    }
    for (; i < nfixargs; i++)
        setnilvalue(L->top++);  /* complete missing arguments */
    return base;
}


/*
** Check whether __call metafield of 'func' is a function. If so, put
** it in stack below original 'func' so that 'luaD_precall' can call
** it. Raise an error if __call metafield is not a function.
*/
static void tryfuncTM(lua_State *L, StkId func)
{
    const TValue *tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, func, TM_CALL);
    StkId p;
    if (!ttisfunction(tm))
        luaG_typeerror(L, func, "call");
    /* Open a hole inside the stack at 'func' */
    for (p = L->top; p > func; p--)
        setobjs2s(L, p, p - 1);
    L->top++;  /* slot ensured by caller */
    setobj2s(L, func, tm);  /* tag method is the new function to be called */
}


/*
** Given 'nres' results at 'firstResult', move 'wanted' of them to 'res'.
** Handle most typical cases (zero results for commands, one result for
** expressions, multiple results for tail calls/single parameters)
** separated.
*/
static int moveresults(lua_State *L, const TValue *firstResult, StkId res,
                       int nres, int wanted)
{
    switch (wanted)    /* handle typical cases separately */
    {
    case 0:
        break;  /* nothing to move */
    case 1:    /* one result needed */
    {
        if (nres == 0)   /* no results? */
            firstResult = luaO_nilobject;  /* adjust with nil */
        setobjs2s(L, res, firstResult);  /* move it to proper place */
        break;
    }
    case LUA_MULTRET:
    {
        int i;
        for (i = 0; i < nres; i++)  /* move all results to correct place */
            setobjs2s(L, res + i, firstResult + i);
        L->top = res + nres;
        return 0;  /* wanted == LUA_MULTRET */
    }
    default:
    {
        int i;
        if (wanted <= nres)    /* enough results? */
        {
            for (i = 0; i < wanted; i++)  /* move wanted results to correct place */
                setobjs2s(L, res + i, firstResult + i);
        }
        else    /* not enough results; use all of them plus nils */
        {
            for (i = 0; i < nres; i++)  /* move all results to correct place */
                setobjs2s(L, res + i, firstResult + i);
            for (; i < wanted; i++)  /* complete wanted number of results */
                setnilvalue(res + i);
        }
        break;
    }
    }
    L->top = res + wanted;  /* top points after the last result */
    return 1;
}


/*
** Finishes a function call: calls hook if necessary, removes CallInfo,
** moves current number of results to proper place; returns 0 iff call
** wanted multiple (variable number of) results.
*/
int luaD_poscall(lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, StkId firstResult, int nres)
{
    StkId res;
    int wanted = ci->nresults;
    if (L->hookmask & (LUA_MASKRET | LUA_MASKLINE))
    {
        if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKRET)
        {
            ptrdiff_t fr = savestack(L, firstResult);  /* hook may change stack */
            luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKRET, -1);
            firstResult = restorestack(L, fr);
        }
        L->oldpc = ci->previous->u.l.savedpc;  /* 'oldpc' for caller function */
    }
    res = ci->func;  /* res == final position of 1st result */
    L->ci = ci->previous;  /* back to caller */
    /* move results to proper place */
    return moveresults(L, firstResult, res, nres, wanted);
}



#define next_ci(L) (L->ci = (L->ci->next ? L->ci->next : luaE_extendCI(L)))


/* macro to check stack size, preserving 'p' */
#define checkstackp(L,n,p)  \
  luaD_checkstackaux(L, n, \
    ptrdiff_t t__ = savestack(L, p);  /* save 'p' */ \
    luaC_checkGC(L),  /* stack grow uses memory */ \
    p = restorestack(L, t__))  /* 'pos' part: restore 'p' */


/*
** Prepares a function call: checks the stack, creates a new CallInfo
** entry, fills in the relevant information, calls hook if needed.
** If function is a C function, does the call, too. (Otherwise, leave
** the execution ('luaV_execute') to the caller, to allow stackless
** calls.) Returns true iff function has been executed (C function).
*/
int luaD_precall(lua_State *L, StkId func, int nresults)
{
    lua_CFunction f;
    CallInfo *ci;
    switch (ttype(func))
    {
    case LUA_TCCL:  /* C closure */
        f = clCvalue(func)->f;
        goto Cfunc;
    case LUA_TLCF:  /* light C function */
        f = fvalue(func);
Cfunc:
        {
            int n;  /* number of returns */
            checkstackp(L, LUA_MINSTACK, func);  /* ensure minimum stack size */
            ci = next_ci(L);  /* now 'enter' new function */
            ci->nresults = nresults;
            ci->func = func;
            ci->top = L->top + LUA_MINSTACK;
            lua_assert(ci->top <= L->stack_last);
            ci->callstatus = 0;
            if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKCALL)
                luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKCALL, -1);
            lua_unlock(L);
            n = (*f)(L);  /* do the actual call */
            lua_lock(L);
            api_checknelems(L, n);
            luaD_poscall(L, ci, L->top - n, n);
            return 1;
        }
    case LUA_TLCL:    /* Lua function: prepare its call */
    {
        StkId base;
        Proto *p = clLvalue(func)->p;
        int n = cast_int(L->top - func) - 1;  /* number of real arguments */
        int fsize = p->maxstacksize;  /* frame size */
        checkstackp(L, fsize, func);
        if (p->is_vararg)
            base = adjust_varargs(L, p, n);
        else    /* non vararg function */
        {
            for (; n < p->numparams; n++)
                setnilvalue(L->top++);  /* complete missing arguments */
            base = func + 1;
        }
        ci = next_ci(L);  /* now 'enter' new function */
        ci->nresults = nresults;
        ci->func = func;
        ci->u.l.base = base;
        L->top = ci->top = base + fsize;
        lua_assert(ci->top <= L->stack_last);
        ci->u.l.savedpc = p->code;  /* starting point */
        ci->callstatus = CIST_LUA;
        if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKCALL)
            callhook(L, ci);
        return 0;
    }
    default:    /* not a function */
    {
        checkstackp(L, 1, func);  /* ensure space for metamethod */
        tryfuncTM(L, func);  /* try to get '__call' metamethod */
        return luaD_precall(L, func, nresults);  /* now it must be a function */
    }
    }
}


/*
** Check appropriate error for stack overflow ("regular" overflow or
** overflow while handling stack overflow). If 'nCalls' is larger than
** LUAI_MAXCCALLS (which means it is handling a "regular" overflow) but
** smaller than 9/8 of LUAI_MAXCCALLS, does not report an error (to
** allow overflow handling to work)
*/
static void stackerror(lua_State *L)
{
    if (L->nCcalls == LUAI_MAXCCALLS)
        luaG_runerror(L, "C stack overflow");
    else if (L->nCcalls >= (LUAI_MAXCCALLS + (LUAI_MAXCCALLS >> 3)))
        luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRERR);  /* error while handing stack error */
}


/*
** Call a function (C or Lua). The function to be called is at *func.
** The arguments are on the stack, right after the function.
** When returns, all the results are on the stack, starting at the original
** function position.
*/
void luaD_call(lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults)
{
    if (++L->nCcalls >= LUAI_MAXCCALLS)
        stackerror(L);
    if (!luaD_precall(L, func, nResults))  /* is a Lua function? */
        luaV_execute(L);  /* call it */
    L->nCcalls--;
}


/*
** Similar to 'luaD_call', but does not allow yields during the call
*/
void luaD_callnoyield(lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults)
{
    L->nny++;
    luaD_call(L, func, nResults);
    L->nny--;
}


/*
** Completes the execution of an interrupted C function, calling its
** continuation function.
*/
static void finishCcall(lua_State *L, int status)
{
    CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
    int n;
    /* must have a continuation and must be able to call it */
    lua_assert(ci->u.c.k != NULL && L->nny == 0);
    /* error status can only happen in a protected call */
    lua_assert((ci->callstatus & CIST_YPCALL) || status == LUA_YIELD);
    if (ci->callstatus & CIST_YPCALL)    /* was inside a pcall? */
    {
        ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_YPCALL;  /* continuation is also inside it */
        L->errfunc = ci->u.c.old_errfunc;  /* with the same error function */
    }
    /* finish 'lua_callk'/'lua_pcall'; CIST_YPCALL and 'errfunc' already
       handled */
    adjustresults(L, ci->nresults);
    lua_unlock(L);
    n = (*ci->u.c.k)(L, status, ci->u.c.ctx);  /* call continuation function */
    lua_lock(L);
    api_checknelems(L, n);
    luaD_poscall(L, ci, L->top - n, n);  /* finish 'luaD_precall' */
}


/*
** Executes "full continuation" (everything in the stack) of a
** previously interrupted coroutine until the stack is empty (or another
** interruption long-jumps out of the loop). If the coroutine is
** recovering from an error, 'ud' points to the error status, which must
** be passed to the first continuation function (otherwise the default
** status is LUA_YIELD).
*/
static void unroll(lua_State *L, void *ud)
{
    if (ud != NULL)  /* error status? */
        finishCcall(L, *(int *)ud);  /* finish 'lua_pcallk' callee */
    while (L->ci != &L->base_ci)    /* something in the stack */
    {
        if (!isLua(L->ci))  /* C function? */
            finishCcall(L, LUA_YIELD);  /* complete its execution */
        else    /* Lua function */
        {
            luaV_finishOp(L);  /* finish interrupted instruction */
            luaV_execute(L);  /* execute down to higher C 'boundary' */
        }
    }
}


/*
** Try to find a suspended protected call (a "recover point") for the
** given thread.
*/
static CallInfo *findpcall(lua_State *L)
{
    CallInfo *ci;
    for (ci = L->ci; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous)    /* search for a pcall */
    {
        if (ci->callstatus & CIST_YPCALL)
            return ci;
    }
    return NULL;  /* no pending pcall */
}


/*
** Recovers from an error in a coroutine. Finds a recover point (if
** there is one) and completes the execution of the interrupted
** 'luaD_pcall'. If there is no recover point, returns zero.
*/
static int recover(lua_State *L, int status)
{
    StkId oldtop;
    CallInfo *ci = findpcall(L);
    if (ci == NULL) return 0;  /* no recovery point */
    /* "finish" luaD_pcall */
    oldtop = restorestack(L, ci->extra);
    luaF_close(L, oldtop);
    seterrorobj(L, status, oldtop);
    L->ci = ci;
    L->allowhook = getoah(ci->callstatus);  /* restore original 'allowhook' */
    L->nny = 0;  /* should be zero to be yieldable */
    luaD_shrinkstack(L);
    L->errfunc = ci->u.c.old_errfunc;
    return 1;  /* continue running the coroutine */
}


/*
** Signal an error in the call to 'lua_resume', not in the execution
** of the coroutine itself. (Such errors should not be handled by any
** coroutine error handler and should not kill the coroutine.)
*/
static int resume_error(lua_State *L, const char *msg, int narg)
{
    L->top -= narg;  /* remove args from the stack */
    setsvalue2s(L, L->top, luaS_new(L, msg));  /* push error message */
    api_incr_top(L);
    lua_unlock(L);
    return LUA_ERRRUN;
}


/*
** Do the work for 'lua_resume' in protected mode. Most of the work
** depends on the status of the coroutine: initial state, suspended
** inside a hook, or regularly suspended (optionally with a continuation
** function), plus erroneous cases: non-suspended coroutine or dead
** coroutine.
*/
static void resume(lua_State *L, void *ud)
{
    int n = *(cast(int *, ud)); /* number of arguments */
    StkId firstArg = L->top - n;  /* first argument */
    CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
    if (L->status == LUA_OK)    /* starting a coroutine? */
    {
        if (!luaD_precall(L, firstArg - 1, LUA_MULTRET))  /* Lua function? */
            luaV_execute(L);  /* call it */
    }
    else    /* resuming from previous yield */
    {
        lua_assert(L->status == LUA_YIELD);
        L->status = LUA_OK;  /* mark that it is running (again) */
        ci->func = restorestack(L, ci->extra);
        if (isLua(ci))  /* yielded inside a hook? */
            luaV_execute(L);  /* just continue running Lua code */
        else    /* 'common' yield */
        {
            if (ci->u.c.k != NULL)    /* does it have a continuation function? */
            {
                lua_unlock(L);
                n = (*ci->u.c.k)(L, LUA_YIELD, ci->u.c.ctx); /* call continuation */
                lua_lock(L);
                api_checknelems(L, n);
                firstArg = L->top - n;  /* yield results come from continuation */
            }
            luaD_poscall(L, ci, firstArg, n);  /* finish 'luaD_precall' */
        }
        unroll(L, NULL);  /* run continuation */
    }
}


LUA_API int lua_resume(lua_State *L, lua_State *from, int nargs)
{
    int status;
    unsigned short oldnny = L->nny;  /* save "number of non-yieldable" calls */
    lua_lock(L);
    if (L->status == LUA_OK)    /* may be starting a coroutine */
    {
        if (L->ci != &L->base_ci)  /* not in base level? */
            return resume_error(L, "cannot resume non-suspended coroutine", nargs);
    }
    else if (L->status != LUA_YIELD)
        return resume_error(L, "cannot resume dead coroutine", nargs);
    L->nCcalls = (from) ? from->nCcalls + 1 : 1;
    if (L->nCcalls >= LUAI_MAXCCALLS)
        return resume_error(L, "C stack overflow", nargs);
    luai_userstateresume(L, nargs);
    L->nny = 0;  /* allow yields */
    api_checknelems(L, (L->status == LUA_OK) ? nargs + 1 : nargs);
    status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, resume, &nargs);
    if (status == -1)  /* error calling 'lua_resume'? */
        status = LUA_ERRRUN;
    else    /* continue running after recoverable errors */
    {
        while (errorstatus(status) && recover(L, status))
        {
            /* unroll continuation */
            status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, unroll, &status);
        }
        if (errorstatus(status))    /* unrecoverable error? */
        {
            L->status = cast_byte(status);  /* mark thread as 'dead' */
            seterrorobj(L, status, L->top);  /* push error message */
            L->ci->top = L->top;
        }
        else lua_assert(status == L->status);  /* normal end or yield */
    }
    L->nny = oldnny;  /* restore 'nny' */
    L->nCcalls--;
    lua_assert(L->nCcalls == ((from) ? from->nCcalls : 0));
    lua_unlock(L);
    return status;
}


LUA_API int lua_isyieldable(lua_State *L)
{
    return (L->nny == 0);
}


LUA_API int lua_yieldk(lua_State *L, int nresults, lua_KContext ctx,
                       lua_KFunction k)
{
    CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
    luai_userstateyield(L, nresults);
    lua_lock(L);
    api_checknelems(L, nresults);
    if (L->nny > 0)
    {
        if (L != G(L)->mainthread)
            luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to yield across a C-call boundary");
        else
            luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to yield from outside a coroutine");
    }
    L->status = LUA_YIELD;
    ci->extra = savestack(L, ci->func);  /* save current 'func' */
    if (isLua(ci))    /* inside a hook? */
    {
        api_check(L, k == NULL, "hooks cannot continue after yielding");
    }
    else
    {
        if ((ci->u.c.k = k) != NULL)  /* is there a continuation? */
            ci->u.c.ctx = ctx;  /* save context */
        ci->func = L->top - nresults - 1;  /* protect stack below results */
        luaD_throw(L, LUA_YIELD);
    }
    lua_assert(ci->callstatus & CIST_HOOKED);  /* must be inside a hook */
    lua_unlock(L);
    return 0;  /* return to 'luaD_hook' */
}


int luaD_pcall(lua_State *L, Pfunc func, void *u,
               ptrdiff_t old_top, ptrdiff_t ef)
{
    int status;
    CallInfo *old_ci = L->ci;
    lu_byte old_allowhooks = L->allowhook;
    unsigned short old_nny = L->nny;
    ptrdiff_t old_errfunc = L->errfunc;
    L->errfunc = ef;
    status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, func, u);
    if (status != LUA_OK)    /* an error occurred? */
    {
        StkId oldtop = restorestack(L, old_top);
        luaF_close(L, oldtop);  /* close possible pending closures */
        seterrorobj(L, status, oldtop);
        L->ci = old_ci;
        L->allowhook = old_allowhooks;
        L->nny = old_nny;
        luaD_shrinkstack(L);
    }
    L->errfunc = old_errfunc;
    return status;
}



/*
** Execute a protected parser.
*/
struct SParser    /* data to 'f_parser' */
{
    ZIO *z;
    Mbuffer buff;  /* dynamic structure used by the scanner */
    Dyndata dyd;  /* dynamic structures used by the parser */
    const char *mode;
    const char *name;
};


static void checkmode(lua_State *L, const char *mode, const char *x)
{
    if (mode && strchr(mode, x[0]) == NULL)
    {
        luaO_pushfstring(L,
                         "attempt to load a %s chunk (mode is '%s')", x, mode);
        luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRSYNTAX);
    }
}


static void f_parser(lua_State *L, void *ud)
{
    LClosure *cl;
    struct SParser *p = cast(struct SParser *, ud);
    int c = zgetc(p->z);  /* read first character */
    if (c == LUA_SIGNATURE[0])
    {
        checkmode(L, p->mode, "binary");
        cl = luaU_undump(L, p->z, p->name);
    }
    else
    {
        checkmode(L, p->mode, "text");
        cl = luaY_parser(L, p->z, &p->buff, &p->dyd, p->name, c);
    }
    lua_assert(cl->nupvalues == cl->p->sizeupvalues);
    luaF_initupvals(L, cl);
}


int luaD_protectedparser(lua_State *L, ZIO *z, const char *name,
                         const char *mode)
{
    struct SParser p;
    int status;
    L->nny++;  /* cannot yield during parsing */
    p.z = z;
    p.name = name;
    p.mode = mode;
    p.dyd.actvar.arr = NULL;
    p.dyd.actvar.size = 0;
    p.dyd.gt.arr = NULL;
    p.dyd.gt.size = 0;
    p.dyd.label.arr = NULL;
    p.dyd.label.size = 0;
    luaZ_initbuffer(L, &p.buff);
    status = luaD_pcall(L, f_parser, &p, savestack(L, L->top), L->errfunc);
    luaZ_freebuffer(L, &p.buff);
    luaM_freearray(L, p.dyd.actvar.arr, p.dyd.actvar.size);
    luaM_freearray(L, p.dyd.gt.arr, p.dyd.gt.size);
    luaM_freearray(L, p.dyd.label.arr, p.dyd.label.size);
    L->nny--;
    return status;
}


